From Toxel:
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| Wooden hippopotamus made by talented Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman can be spotted floating down the river Thames in London, England. |
Courage is a utilitarian concept, something you need for something. The Filipino would like nothing better than not to be in danger. But the dysfunctional aspects of his culture keep landing him in a fix and courage is the adaptation he needs to wriggle out. He gets courage unwilllingly....
"Following orders" in the abstract is also an alien concept. No Filipino trusts authority, most especially his own government. Legality is a fiction. The really binding relationship is personal. Catapang saved those people because they were "his boys" and not for some overarching loyalty to the Republic of the Philippines, which truth be told, nobody cares anything about. The loyalty is to the "countryman". If you ask a Filipino in America to do something for the Philippine government he'll probably call the FBI. If you explain the request is for a "kababayan", he might listen.
So if Catapang had let the troops get kidnapped he couldn't say "but they were ordered". An abstract order from a UN general don't mean a thing. They were your "kababayans", how could you let this happen? will be the reaction. It is the whole network of personal loyalties and obligations that matter
Lastly I will add that Obama has probably caused a great deal of damage to Filipino American psychological relations. Filipinos expect America to act like the America they knew from the Greatest Generation. It's an irrational, psychological bond. It is an expectation, it is an heirloom myth. The abstract laws and legalities are unimportant
Singha may have been told that unless he told the Filipinos to surrender, the Fijians might be compromised. But Catapang did not play along. “The escape was executed without the approval of UNDOF.” In fairness to Singha, he was caught between the New York Headquarters rock and a hard place. By asserting his sovereign override, Catapang essentially took responsibility for resisting al-Nusra. Singh is off the hook and Catapang got his men out of a jam.
The UN has a history of folding that goes back to Rwanda and Kosovo. In the past the UN apparatchiks have relied on the faithfulness of their subordinate commanders to take a bullet for the team. ”Theirs not to reason why, theirs but to do and die.” But Tennyson had never been to the Philippines where the word for blindly following orders is tanga...
Mr King said in an earlier video posted that the family wanted to seek proton beam therapy for Ashya - a cancer treatment that the NHS would not provide.
It is understood they travelled to Spain, where they have a holiday home, to sell the property and release funds to pay for the treatment.
One of these days, someone will write about all the persecutions of Christian minorities in the Ottoman empire. The two history books I have about the empire tend to ignore the subject as unimportant, and western history books see the Crimean war from the British point of view, to stop "russian" expansion, whereas Russians saw it as their holy goal to help their fellow orthodox who were persecuted.
In the early 17th Century, large numbers of Armenians fled the Ottoman Empire and settled in Isfahan in what's now Iran. From there, many travelled on in later years to form a commercial network which stretched from Amsterdam to Manila.
Their influence in the British Raj reached its peak in the late 19th Century, when census records suggest that about 1,300 Armenians were living principally in Calcutta, Dhaka and Rangoon.
Well, they are only 3000 years behind the west and middle east. Once the Phonecians developed the alphabet, and the Greeks added vowels, writing no longer required scribes who studies for years to learn to read and write, and literature and keeping track of business became democratized.
All over the country, Chinese people are forgetting how to write their own language without computerised help.
Software on smart phones and computers allows users to type in the basic sound of the word using the Latin alphabet. The correct character is chosen from a list.
The result? It's possible to recognise characters without remembering how to write them.
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Image (credit June Aubrey Young) via the QI elves'Twitter feed. |